In celebration of Scotland’s first National Innovation Week, Technology Scotland are highlighting the role of critical technologies in meeting our national innovation ambitions.
Linked to the four daily themes across Innovation Week:
- Monday 22 September – advanced manufacturing
- Tuesday 23 September – data and digital technologies
- Wednesday 24 September – health and life sciences
- Friday 26 September – energy transition
we explore below the vital impact photonics, quantum, semiconductor and connectivity & sensing technologies are having on our industries of the future. Thursday of this week will see the National Innovation Summit take place, the flagship event of National Innovation Week 2025.
From providing the ‘eyes’ of our future robotic systems to quantum enabled imaging techniques for improved medical diagnostics, the impact of critical technologies will be felt right across our society and economy.
Although these technologies remain largely invisible to the public, they form an important base for critical supply chains in life sciences, space, future automotive, energy, communications and defence and security. They will support every part of our future living, will be essential in our efforts to tackle the climate emergency, and vital to our future security and economic independence.
Scotland’s Critical Technologies Supercluster
Scotland is home to a Supercluster in Critical Technologies, a constellation of overlapping and mutually supporting technology sub sectors – photonics, quantum, semiconductors, and wireless and sensing technologies.
Although these technologies remain largely invisible to the public, they form an important base for critical supply chains in life sciences, space, future automotive, energy, communications and defence and security. They will also be essential in our efforts to tackle the climate emergency and meet our collective net zero ambitions.
The supercluster currently generates £4.2bn in revenues for Scotland, with over 150 companies supporting nearly 11,000 jobs at salaries significantly above the Scottish average. This aggregation of expertise, unparalleled anywhere else in the UK, has been recognised by both Scottish and UK Governments and has been identified as one of Scotland’s Key Strategic Industry Clusters.
Advanced manufacturing

Perception
Imaging and sensing systems allow robots to interpret the world around them, providing the ‘eyes’ of our future automated systems.
Manufacturing systems
Advances in high-speed communication technologies are allowing systems to interface more effectively, creating ‘automated teams’ that can work on shared tasks.
Movement/speed
Semiconductors underpin rapid data processing and real-time feedback that allows precise movement control for advanced manufacturing applications.
Safety
Critical technologies are vital to the safe implementation of automated systems, underpinning sensing systems that allow robots to work safely alongside human partners.
Security
Quantum encryption will secure advanced manufacturing networks, ensuring that potentially dangerous systems are protected from malicious interference.
Data and Digital Technologies

Mobile phones
From displays and camera systems to facial recognition and wireless charging, our smart phones are littered with devices underpinned by critical technologies.
High speed internet
Optical fibres use light to transfer data over long distances at high speed, offering significant speed and bandwidth advantages over traditional copper cables.
Data centres
The backbone of our data economy could not exist without critical technologies and advances in these technologies will improve their efficiency in future.
Wireless communications
Our demand for ubiquitous connectivity will be met by a range of communications services, including WiFi, LiFi, 5G/6G and satellite.
Security
Quantum cryptography, including Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), will secure our communications, ensuring our sensitive data is protected from malicious interference
Health and Life Sciences

Medical imaging
Quantum enabled techniques allow imaging through human tissue, providing an opportunity for cheaper, more portable non-invasive diagnostics.
Wearable devices
Critical technologies underpin functionality in fitness trackers and medical sensors that enable early detection of issues before they become emergencies.
Laser and robotic surgery
Advances in laser surgery and robotics techniques are improving outcomes of complicated surgical procedures.
Diagnostics
Photonics sensors are used to identify key markers in biological samples, allowing early detection of serious illness including cancer.
Remote monitoring
Advancements in connectivity and sensing are allowing continuous real-time monitoring of patient data, reducing the need for frequent healthcare visits.
Energy Transition

Electric vehicles
Semiconductors are driving our electric revolution by facilitating the conversion of battery energy to power electric vehicle motors.
Renewable energy
Advanced semiconductor materials manage the flow of electricity from renewable sources to the grid, allowing seamless integration of multiple energy sources.
Environmental monitoring
Photonics technologies enable accurate monitoring of air and water quality by identifying trace levels of pollutants and greenhouse gases.
Agriculture
Vertical farming is securing our future food supply by creating regulated, indoor environments that allow optimised food production in any location.
Recycling
Optical sorting uses lasers and camera systems to identify the structural and chemical properties of materials to allow more efficient recycling of plastics.